Các dạng bài tập và kiến thức liên quan đến kỹ năng viết trong đề thi THPT Quốc gia môn Tiếng Anh những năm gần đây

Nội dung text: Các dạng bài tập và kiến thức liên quan đến kỹ năng viết trong đề thi THPT Quốc gia môn Tiếng Anh những năm gần đây

1. CÁC DẠNG BÀI TẬP VÀ KIẾN THỨC LIÊN QUAN ĐẾN KỸ NĂNG VIẾT TRONG ĐỀ THI THPT QUỐC GIA NHỮNG NĂM GẦN ĐÂY  Các dạng bài tập thường gặp trong phần kỹ năng viết trong đề thi THPT Quốc gia - Error identification (Nhận biết lỗi) - Sentence transformation (Viết chuyển hóa câu/ Biến đổi câu) - Sentence combination (Kết hợp câu) PART 1 – ERROR IDENTIFICATION Các kiến thức thường gặp trong dạng bài tập này: - Subject-Verb Agreement (Hòa hợp giữa Chủ ngữ và động từ) - Non-Finite Verbs (Hình thức chưa chia của động từ) - Sentences (Câu chẻ) - Passive Form (Hình thức bị động) - Word Order (Trật tự của từ) - Word Use (Cách sử dụng từ) 1. Subject-Verb Agreement (Hòa hợp giữa Chủ ngữ và động từ) Các trường hợp cần lưu ý - S (số ít) + V (số ít) - S (số nhiều) + V (số nhiều) - S (Each/ Every ) + V (số ít) - S (Maths, Measles, ) + V (số ít) - S (N1 + giới từ + N2) + V Ex1: Teenagers is greatly influenced by not only their parents but also their peers. A  are B C D Ex2: Each student have to write a paragraph about the benefits of learning English. A  has B C D 2. Non-Finite Verbs (Hình thức chưa chia của động từ) - V? (+ O) + to V  promise/ agree/ want/ ask/ tell/ - V? + V-ing  enjoy/ avoid/ suggest/ mind/ - V? (+ O) + prep. + V-ing  think of / dream of / thank for/ Ex1: His parents don’t allow him staying out late on weekdays. A B C D  to stay out Ex2: Many people object to use physical punishment in dealing with discipline problems at school. A B C D  to using 3. Cleft Sentences (Câu chẻ) It + is/ was + S/ O/ Adv of Place/ Time/ + that-clause Ex1: Historically, it was the 3rd Asian Games in Japan that tennis, volleyball, table tennis and A B C hockey were added.  was at the 3rd Asian Games D Ex2: It was in a nice coffee shop where they had their first date. A B C  that D 4. Passive Form (Hình thức bị động) S + be + V-ed/3 + Place + by O + Time (tha động từ) Người/ vật chịu tác động Tác nhân Ex1: Information on the Romans can find not only in these books but also on the Internet. A B C D  can be found
2. 3. Reported Speech (Câu tường thuật) Lưu ý: không có đảo ngữ trong các câu tường thuật. - S + said/ told + O + (that) S + V (+ Place + Time) (Câu kể) - S + wondered/ asked + O + if/ wh- + S + V (+ Place + ) (Câu hỏi) - S + asked/ told + O + (not) to V (Câu đề nghị) - S + V + (not) to V (Dạng tường thuật với những động từ đặc biệt) - S + V (+ O) (+ prep.) + V-ing (Dạng tường thuật với những động từ đặc biệt) Ex1: ''What are you going to do after school, Anne?'' Kevin asked. A. Kevin asked Anne what was she going to do after school. B. Kevin asked Anne what she was going to do after school. C. Kevin wanted to know what Anne would do after school. D. Kevin wanted to know what would Anne do after school. Ex2: "Would you like to go to the show with me?" Anna said to Bella. A. Anna reminded Bella to go to the show with her. B. Anna persuaded Bella to go to the show with her. C. Anna encouraged Bella to go to the show with her. D. Anna invited Bella to go to the show with her. Ex3: "Why don't we go camping at the weekend?" he said. A. He denied going camping at the weekend. B. He suggested going camping at the weekend. C. He objected to going camping at the weekend. D. He apologized for going camping at the weekend. 4. Non-Finite Verbs (Hình thức chưa chia của động từ) Lưu ý các cấu trúc câu dùng V(-to, to V, V-ing, V-ed/3, - It is/ was + Adj/ N + (for/ of + O) to V (Ý kiến tổng quát, chung chung) - S + V + it + Adj/ N + to V (Ý kiến của ai đó) - It + takes/ took + O + time + to V (Ai đó mất bao lâu thời gian để làm gì) = S + spend/ spent + time + V-ing - S + V + too + Adj/ Adv + (for + O) to V (chỉ kết quả phủ định) - S + V + Adj/ Adv + enough + (for + O) to V (chỉ kết quả phủ định) - S + used to + V(-to)  no longer (chỉ sự việc đã từng xảy ra nay không còn nữa) Ex1: I find it useful to join the sports club. A. Joining the sports club is not useful for me. B. It is useful for me to join the sports club. C. I used to join the sports club. D. I never like joining the sports club. Ex2: My friend has stopped eating fast food. A. My friend sometimes eats fast food. B. My friend doesn't like eating fast food. C. My friend no longer eats fast food. D. My friend has never eaten fast food. 5. Passive Form with Reporting Verbs (Hình thức bị động với các động từ tường thuật) - People + say/ think (that) + S + V (Chủ động) - It + be + said/ thought (that) + S + V (Bị động) - S + be + said/ thought + to V (sự việc diễn ra cùng thì hoặc sự việc tương lai) (Bị động) to be + V-ing (sự việc đang diễn ra) to have + V-ed/3 (sự việc đã diễn ra) Ex1: Many people think that the new regulations will encourage people to use less energy. A. Lower consumption of energy is thought to lead to the introduction of the new regulations. B. The new regulations are thought to encourage lower consumption of energy. C. It is thought that the new regulations will encourage people to consume more energy. D. It was thought that lower consumption of energy was stimulated by the new regulations. Ex2: It is believed that modern farming methods have greatly improved farmers' lives. A. Farmers are believed to have enjoyed a much better life thanks to modern farming methods. B. Modern farming methods were believed to have greatly improved farmers' lives. C. Modern farming methods are believed to have had negative effects on farmers' lives. D. People believe that there is little improvement in farmers' lives thanks to modern farming methods.
3. A. Before she worked as a hospital volunteer for years, the young girl has great experience of nursing. B. Much as she has worked as a hospital volunteer for years, the young girl has great experience of nursing. C. Having worked as a hospital volunteer for years, the young girl has great experience of nursing. D. With great experience of nursing, the young girl has worked as a hospital volunteer for years. Ex2: My mother is very busy with her work at the office. She still takes good care of us. A. In spite of being very busy with her work at the office, my mother takes good care of us. B. Because my mother is very busy with her work at the office, she takes good care of us. C. My mother is so busy with her work at the office that she cannot take good care of us. D. My mother is too busy with her work at the office to take good care of us. 2. Conjunctions (Liên từ) Lưu ý cách dùng các nhóm liên từ. - AND  bổ sung thông tin - BUT  chỉ sự trái ngược - OR  chỉ sự lựa chọn - SO  chỉ kết quả Ex1: Books help broaden the mind. Books also provide a good source of entertainment. A. Books help broaden the mind, but they provide a good source of entertainment. B. Books help broaden the mind, and they provide a good source of entertainment C. Books help broaden the mind, for they provide a good source of entertainment. D. Books help broaden the mind, or they provide a good source of entertainment. Ex2: Mai usually helps her classmates with their studies. Her classmates appreciate her. A. Mai usually helps her classmates with their studies, but they appreciate her. B. Mai usually helps her classmates with their studies, for they appreciate her. C. Mai usually helps her classmates with their studies, so they appreciate her. D. Mai usually helps her classmates with their studies, or they appreciate her. 3. Inversion (Đảo ngữ) - No sooner + had + S + V-ed/3 + than + S + V-ed/2: vừa mới thì - Hardly/ Barely/ when - Not until + Clause/ Phrase of time + Aux. V + S + main V: Mãi cho đến khi - If + S + had + V-ed/3, = Had + S + V-ed/3, - Only + Phrase/ Clause + Aux. V + S + main V: Chỉ (khi/ vì/ ) Ex1: Peter told us about his leaving the school. He did it on his arrival at the meeting. A. Only after his leaving the school did Peter inform us of his arrival at the meeting. B. Not until Peter told us that he would leave the school did he arrive at the meeting. C. Hardly had Peter informed us about his leaving the school when he arrived at the meeting. D. No sooner had Peter arrived at the meeting than he told us about his leaving the school. Ex2: Mike became a father. He felt a strong sense of responsibility towards his parents. A. Were Mike to become a father himself, he would feel a strong sense of responsibility towards his parents. B. Only after Mike had become a father himself did he feel a strong sense of responsibility towards his parents. C. Had Mike become a father himself, he would have felt a strong sense of responsibility towards his parents. D. Not until he felt a strong sense of responsibility towards his parents did Mike become a father himself. 4. Clauses after WISH/ IF ONLY (Mệnh đề ao ước) Lưu ý ba cấu trúc câu ao ước. - S + wish + S + would + V(-to) (Điều ước không thật ở tương lai) - S + wish + S + V-ed/2 (Điều ước không thật ở hiện tại) - S + wish + S + had + V-ed/3 (Điều ước không thật ở quá khứ: hối tiếc, trách phiền, ) Ex1: Jenifer rejected the job offer. She now regrets it. A. Jenifer regrets not having rejected the job offer. B. If only Jenifer didn’t reject the job offer. C. Jenifer wishes she hadn’t rejected the job offer. D. Jenifer regrets to reject the job offer. Ex2: Mike didn't follow his parents' advice on choosing his career. He regrets it now. A. Mike regrets having followed his parents' advice on choosing his career.